Carbon-based asymmetric porous micro-nano robot is a kind of nano-carbon material with asymmetric, hollow and porous structure, which can be used as a near-infrared light-driven intelligent nano-truck to realize the controllable loading and unloading of goods. This material is prepared by the kinetic regulation interface super assembly strategy, namely through the precise regulation of two kinds of precursor (silica and phenolic resin) polymerization rate, make its competition in the same reaction system for nucleation and growth, form asymmetric composite materials, and then through high temperature carbonization and remove silica steps, get the final product. This material has the following characteristics: Structural asymmetry: a smooth solid small hemisphere shell and a large hemisphere shell with porous structure make it produce temperature gradient and reverse thrust under near-infrared light, realizing self-therphoretic movement. Large cavity: the hollow structure provides space for the loading of the cargo, but also reduces the density of the material and improves the rate of movement. Rich holes: the porous structure provides a channel for the unloading of goods, but also increases the specific surface area and capacity of the material, improving its load rate and photothermal effect. Easy surface modification: Carbon-based materials can be surface modified through simple chemical reactions to increase their hydrophilicity, targeting, and biocompatibility. Cases of this material in biological applications: Cargo loading and unloading: The anticancer drug doxorubicin (DOX), as a model cargo molecule, is encapsulated inside the material with the phase change material (melting point of 39℃). Under near-infrared light, the phase change material melts and is released together with DOX to achieve controllable unloading. Chemotherapy and photothermal therapy: The released DOX can be chemotreated, and the photothermal effect of the material itself can also achieve the effect of photothermal therapy. Under the synergistic effect of chemotherapy and photothermal therapy, the therapeutic effect is optimal. Biological operation and biological manufacturing: the use of micro-nano robot technology to carry out micro-nano operation or micro-nano processing of biological cells or artificial tissue, such as cell capture, separation, transfection, manipulation, printing, etc.