The design of enzyme-carrying nanogel and its biological diagnosis and treatment is a new technology that uses nanogel as the carrier of enzyme to realize enzyme stabilization, protection and functionalization. Nanogels are nanoscale hydrogels formed by crosslinked polymer networks, with the advantages of high water content, high biocompatibility, high specific surface area, and tunability. Enzyme-loaded nanogels can fix the enzyme in nanogels by physical adsorption, chemical crosslinking or genetic engineering, improve the activity, stability and selectivity, and confer new functions and characteristics. Enzyme-carrying nanogels can play an important role in the field of biological diagnosis and treatment, such as biosensing, drug delivery, biocatalysis, tissue engineering, etc.