Microbial intelligent carrier delivery system is a new strategy to realize the accurate diagnosis and treatment of disease sites. Microbial intelligent carriers have the characteristics of self-proliferation, self-regulation, and self-degradation, which can overcome some limitations of traditional drug delivery systems, such as low targeting, low bioavailability, and high toxic side effects. Microbial intelligent carrier delivery system mainly includes bacteria, viruses, bacterial outer vesicles, etc.